ASTM C1133/C1133M-2010 分段无源γ射线扫描法对低密度废料及废弃物中特殊核材料进行无损检验的标准试验方法

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforNondestructiveAssayofSpecialNuclearMaterialinLowDensityScrapandWastebySegmentedPassiveGamma-RayScanning
【原文标准名称】:分段无源γ射线扫描法对低密度废料及废弃物中特殊核材料进行无损检验的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMC1133/C1133M-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C26.10
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:无损检验;废料;分段无源γ射线扫描;特殊核材料;废弃物;核废物和废弃材料;辐射暴露-核材料/设施;放射性核素;检定;衰减;校准-核分析仪器;错误传播;γ射线-核材料/设施;γ射线光谱测定法;无损评估-核设施;SNM;传输
【英文主题词】:nondestructiveassay;scrap;segmentedgamma-rayscanning;specialnuclearmaterial;waste;Nuclearscrapandwastematerials;Radiationexposure--nuclearmaterials/applications;Radionuclides;Segmentedgamma-rayscanning;Assay;Attenuation;Calibrati
【摘要】:Segmentedgamma-rayscanningprovidesanondestructivemeansofmeasuringthenuclidecontentofscrapandwastewherethespecificnatureofthematrixandthechemicalformandrelationshipbetweenthenuclideandmatrixmaybeunknown.Theprocedurecanserveasadiagnostictoolthatprovidesaverticalprofileoftransmissionandnuclideconcentrationwithintheitem.Itempreparationisgenerallylimitedtogoodwaste/scrapsegregationpracticesthatproducerelativelyhomogeneousitemsthatarerequiredforanysuccessfulwaste/inventorymanagementandassayscheme,regardlessofthemeasurementmethodused.Also,processknowledgeshouldbeused,whenavailable,aspartofawastemanagementprogramtocomplementinformationonitemparameters,containerproperties,andtheappropriatenessofcalibrationfactors.Toobtainthelowestdetectionlevels,atwo-passassayshouldbeused.Thetwo-passassayalsoreducesproblemsrelatedtopotentialinterferencesbetweentransmissionpeaksandassaypeaks.Foritemswithhigheractivities,asingle-passassaymaybeusedtoincreasethroughput.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthetransmission-correctednondestructiveassay(NDA)ofgamma-rayemittingspecialnuclearmaterials(SNMs),mostcommonly235U,239Pu,and241Am,inlow-densityscraporwaste,packagedincylindricalcontainers.ThemethodcanalsobeappliedtoNDAofothergamma-emittingnuclidesincludingfissionproducts.High-resolutiongamma-rayspectroscopyisusedtodetectandmeasurethenuclidesofinterestandtomeasureandcorrectforgamma-rayattenuationinaseriesofhorizontalsegments(collimatedgammadetectorviews)ofthecontainer.Correctionsarealsomadeforcountinglossesoccasionedbysignalprocessinglimitations(1-3).1.2TherearecurrentlyseveralsystemsinuseorunderdevelopmentfordeterminingtheattenuationcorrectionsforNDAofradioisotopicmaterials(4-8).Arelatedtechnique,tomographicgamma-rayscanning(TGS),isnotincludedinthistestmethod(9,10,11).1.2.1ThistestmethodwillcovertwoimplementationsoftheSegmentedGammaScanning(SGS)procedure:(1)IsotopeSpecific(Mass)Calibration,theoriginalSGSprocedure,usesstandardsofknownradionuclidemassestodeterminedetectorresponseinamassversuscorrectedcountratecalibrationthatappliesonlytothosespecificradionuclidesforwhichitiscalibrated,and(2)EfficiencyCurveCalibration,analternativemethod,typicallyusesnon-SNMradionuclidesourcestodeterminesystemdetectionefficiencyvs.gammaenergyandtherebycalibrateforallgamma-emittingradionuclidesofinterest(12).1.2.1.1EfficiencyCurveCalibration,overtheenergyrangeforwhichtheefficiencyisdefined,hastheadvantageofprovidingcalibrationformanygamma-emittingnuclidesforwhichhalf-lifeandgammaemissionintensitydataareavailable.1.3Theassaytechniquemaybeapplicabletoloadingsuptoseveralhundredgramsofnuclideina208-L[55-gal]drum,withmorerestrictedrangestobeapplicabledependingonspecificpackagingandcountingequipmentconsiderations.1.4Measuredtransmissionvaluesmustbeavailableforuseincalculationofsegment-specificattenuationcorrectionsattheenergiesofanalysis.1.5Arelatedmethod,SGSwithcalculatedcorrectionfactorsbasedonitemcontentanddensity,isnotincludedinthisstandard.1.6ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsorinch-poundunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemmaynotbeexactequivalents;therefore,eachsystems......
【中国标准分类号】:Z27
【国际标准分类号】:13_030_30;71_040_50
【页数】:16P.;A4
【正文语种】: